Back Pain and Smoking—Do you know the link?

Did you know that Smoking is a leading risk factor for Degenerative Disc Disease? Many patients with chronic back pain have DDD. Although genetic predisposition is the #1 risk factor, a growing number of studies indicate that smoking is a leading risk factor for DDD, both in the lumbar discs (lower back) and cervical discs (neck). Research suggests that smokers have a 3-4 times higher risk of developing DDD and that smoking can exacerbate pre-existing disc degeneration.

Nicotine is a chemical in cigarettes and deprives disc cells of vital nutrients. In addition to nicotine, smokers introduce carbon monoxide into the blood stream and from there into body tissues. These poisons inhibit the discs’ ability to absorb the nutrients they need from the blood. This creates a greater risk of a ruptured disc. This occurs when the disc contents break through the outer layer of the disc, often impinging on nerves and causing great pain, numbness, and in some cases nerve damage in the legs or arms. These same poisons also interfere with the absorption of calcium, leading to bone density problems. Coughing, which is more prevalent among smokers, can also add to the risk. Coughing causes increased pressure between discs. This puts added strain on the spine and discs, creating greater risk of disc bulges and ruptures.

Do you want to quit smoking? Many insurance companies, including Medicare and Medicaid offer free help. Ask any staff member at Kentucky Pain Management Services (KPMS) for smoking cessation info or Call 800-784-8669.

Bibliography

Goldberg, M.S. et al. A review of the association between cigarette smoking and the development of nonspecific back pain and related outcomes. Spine. 2000.25 (8): 995-1014.

Deyo, R.A. and J.N. Weinstein. Primary care: Low back pain. New England Journal of Medicine. February 1, 2001. 344 (5) 363-370.